BigFix Compliance: Updated CIS Checklist for Debian Linux 12, published 2025-08-19

Product:
BigFix Compliance

Title:
Updated CIS Checklist for Debian Linux 12

Security Benchmark:
CIS Debian Linux 12 Benchmark, v1.1.0

Published Sites:
CIS Checklist for Debian Linux 12, site version 3
(The site version is provided for air-gap customers.)

Details:

Total New Fixlets: 33

Total Updated Fixlets: 193

Total Deleted Fixlets: 19

Total Fixlets in Site: 299

New Fixlets :

Ensure overlayfs kernel module is not available

Ensure unused filesystems kernel modules are not available

Ensure XDMCP is not enabled

Ensure a single firewall utility

Ensure a single firewall configuration utility is in use

Ensure nftables is not in use with iptables

Ensure ufw is not in use with iptables

Ensure minimum password days is configured

Ensure root account access is controlled

Ensure only one logging system is in use

Ensure systemd-journal-upload authentication is configured

Ensure rsyslog

Ensure rsyslog is installed

Ensure rsyslog service is enabled and active

Ensure journald is configured to send logs to rsyslog

Ensure rsyslog log file creation mode is configured

Ensure rsyslog logging is configured

Ensure rsyslog is configured to send logs to a remote log host

Ensure rsyslog is not configured to receive logs from a remote client

Ensure logrotate is configured

Ensure auditd packages are installed

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the chcon command are collected

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the setfacl command are collected

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the chacl command are collected

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the usermod command are collected

Ensure audit log files owner is configured

Ensure audit log files group owner is configured

Ensure the audit log file directory mode is configured

Ensure audit configuration files owner is configured

Ensure audit configuration files group owner is configured

Ensure audit tools owner is configured

Ensure audit tools group owner is configured

Ensure cryptographic mechanisms are used to protect the integrity of audit tools

Modified Fixlets:

Ensure cramfs kernel module is not available

Ensure freevxfs kernel module is not available

Ensure hfs kernel module is not available

Ensure hfsplus kernel module is not available

Ensure jffs2 kernel module is not available

Ensure squashfs kernel module is not available

Ensure udf kernel module is not available

Ensure usb-storage kernel module is not available

Ensure /tmp is a separate partition

Ensure separate partition exists for /home

Ensure nodev option set on /home partition

Ensure nosuid option set on /home partition

Ensure separate partition exists for /var

Ensure nodev option set on /var partition

Ensure nosuid option set on /var partition

Ensure separate partition exists for /var/tmp

Ensure nodev option set on /var/tmp partition

Ensure nosuid option set on /var/tmp partition

Ensure noexec option set on /var/tmp partition

Ensure separate partition exists for /var/log

Ensure nodev option set on /var/log partition

Ensure nosuid option set on /var/log partition

Ensure noexec option set on /var/log partition

Ensure separate partition exists for /var/log/audit

Ensure nodev option set on /var/log/audit partition

Ensure nosuid option set on /var/log/audit partition

Ensure noexec option set on /var/log/audit partition

Ensure GPG keys are configured

Ensure AppArmor is installed

Ensure AppArmor is enabled in the bootloader configuration

Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are in enforce or complain mode

Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are enforcing

Ensure bootloader password is set

Ensure address space layout randomization is enabled

Ensure ptrace_scope is restricted

Ensure core dumps are restricted

Ensure GDM is removed

Ensure GDM login banner is configured

Ensure GDM disable-user-list option is enabled

Ensure GDM screen locks when the user is idle

Ensure GDM screen locks cannot be overridden

Ensure GDM automatic mounting of removable media is disabled

Ensure GDM disabling automatic mounting of removable media is not overridden

Ensure GDM autorun-never is enabled

Ensure GDM autorun-never is not overridden

Ensure autofs services are not in use

Ensure avahi daemon services are not in use

Ensure dhcp server services are not in use

Ensure dns server services are not in use

Ensure dnsmasq services are not in use

Ensure ftp server services are not in use

Ensure ldap server services are not in use

Ensure message access server services are not in use

Ensure network file system services are not in use

Ensure nis server services are not in use

Ensure print server services are not in use

Ensure rpcbind services are not in use

Ensure rsync services are not in use

Ensure samba file server services are not in use

Ensure snmp services are not in use

Ensure tftp server services are not in use

Ensure web proxy server services are not in use

Ensure web server services are not in use

Ensure xinetd services are not in use

Ensure X window server services are not in use

Ensure mail transfer agent is configured for local-only mode

Ensure NIS Client is not installed

Ensure rsh client is not installed

Ensure talk client is not installed

Ensure telnet client is not installed

Ensure ldap client is not installed

Ensure ftp client is not installed

Ensure a single time synchronization daemon is in use

Ensure systemd-timesyncd configured with authorized timeserver

Ensure systemd-timesyncd is enabled and running

Ensure chrony is configured with authorized timeserver

Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.weekly are configured

Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.monthly are configured

Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.d are configured

Ensure crontab is restricted to authorized users

Ensure at is restricted to authorized users

Ensure IPv6 status is identified

Ensure bluetooth services are not in use

Ensure dccp kernel module is not available

Ensure tipc kernel module is not available

Ensure rds kernel module is not available

Ensure sctp kernel module is not available

Ensure ip forwarding is disabled

Ensure packet redirect sending is disabled

Ensure bogus icmp responses are ignored

Ensure broadcast icmp requests are ignored

Ensure icmp redirects are not accepted

Ensure secure icmp redirects are not accepted

Ensure reverse path filtering is enabled

Ensure source routed packets are not accepted

Ensure suspicious packets are logged

Ensure tcp syn cookies is enabled

Ensure ipv6 router advertisements are not accepted

Ensure ufw is installed

Ensure iptables-persistent is not installed with ufw

Ensure ufw loopback traffic is configured

Ensure ufw default deny firewall policy

Ensure nftables is installed

Ensure ufw is uninstalled or disabled with nftables

Ensure a nftables table exists

Ensure nftables loopback traffic is configured

Ensure nftables outbound and established connections are configured

Ensure nftables default deny firewall policy

Ensure nftables rules are permanent

Ensure iptables packages are installed

Ensure iptables default deny firewall policy

Ensure iptables loopback traffic is configured

Ensure iptables outbound and established connections are configured

Ensure iptables firewall rules exist for all open ports

Ensure ip6tables default deny firewall policy

Ensure ip6tables loopback traffic is configured

Ensure ip6tables outbound and established connections are configured

Ensure ip6tables firewall rules exist for all open ports

Ensure permissions on /etc/ssh/sshd_config are configured

Ensure permissions on SSH private host key files are configured

Ensure permissions on SSH public host key files are configured

Ensure sshd access is configured

Ensure sshd Banner is configured

Ensure sshd Ciphers are configured

Ensure sshd ClientAliveInterval and ClientAliveCountMax are configured

Ensure sshd DisableForwarding is enabled

Ensure sshd GSSAPIAuthentication is disabled

Ensure sshd HostbasedAuthentication is disabled

Ensure sshd IgnoreRhosts is enabled

Ensure sshd KexAlgorithms is configured

Ensure sshd LoginGraceTime is configured

Ensure sshd LogLevel is configured

Ensure sshd MACs are configured

Ensure sshd MaxAuthTries is configured

Ensure sshd MaxSessions is configured

Ensure sshd MaxStartups is configured

Ensure sshd PermitEmptyPasswords is disabled

Ensure sshd PermitRootLogin is disabled

Ensure sshd PermitUserEnvironment is disabled

Ensure sshd UsePAM is enabled

Ensure sudo is installed

Ensure sudo commands use pty

Ensure latest version of pam is installed

Ensure libpam-modules is installed

Ensure pam_unix module is enabled

Ensure pam_faillock module is enabled

Ensure pam_pwquality module is enabled

Ensure pam_pwhistory module is enabled

Ensure password failed attempts lockout is configured

Ensure password unlock time is configured

Ensure password failed attempts lockout includes root account

Ensure password number of changed characters is configured

Ensure minimum password length is configured

Ensure password complexity is configured

Ensure password same consecutive characters is configured

Ensure password maximum sequential characters is configured

Ensure password dictionary check is enabled

Ensure pam_pwhistory includes use_authtok

Ensure pam_unix does not include nullok

Ensure pam_unix does not include remember

Ensure password expiration is configured

Ensure all users last password change date is in the past

Ensure root user umask is configured

Ensure nologin is not listed in /etc/shells

Ensure default user umask is configured

Ensure auditd service is enabled and active

Ensure system is disabled when audit logs are full

Ensure system warns when audit logs are low on space

Ensure changes to system administration scope (sudoers) is collected

Ensure actions as another user are always logged

Ensure events that modify the sudo log file are collected

Ensure events that modify date and time information are collected

Ensure events that modify the system’s network environment are collected

Ensure use of privileged commands are collected

Ensure unsuccessful file access attempts are collected

Ensure events that modify user/group information are collected

Ensure discretionary access control permission modification events are collected

Ensure successful file system mounts are collected

Ensure session initiation information is collected

Ensure login and logout events are collected

Ensure file deletion events by users are collected

Ensure events that modify the system’s Mandatory Access Controls are collected

Ensure kernel module loading unloading and modification is collected

Ensure the audit configuration is immutable

Ensure the running and on disk configuration is the same

Ensure audit log files mode is configured

Ensure audit configuration files mode is configured

Ensure audit tools mode is configured

Ensure AIDE is installed

Ensure world writable files and directories are secured

Ensure no files or directories without an owner and a group exist

Ensure SUID and SGID files are reviewed

Ensure local interactive user dot files access is configured

Deleted Fixlets :

Ensure prelink is not installed

Ensure XDCMP is not enabled

Ensure nftables is not installed with iptables

Ensure ufw is uninstalled or disabled with iptables

Ensure minimum password age is configured

Ensure root password is set

Ensure systemd-journal-remote authentication is configured

Ensure auditd is installed

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the chcon command are recorded

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the setfacl command are recorded

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the chacl command are recorded

Ensure successful and unsuccessful attempts to use the usermod command are recorded

Ensure only authorized users own audit log files

Ensure only authorized groups are assigned ownership of audit log files

Ensure the audit log directory mode is configured

Ensure audit configuration files are owned by root

Ensure audit configuration files belong to group root

Ensure audit tools are owned by root

Ensure audit tools belong to group root

Additional details:

Both analysis and remediation checks are included

Some of the checks allow you to use the parameterized setting to enable customization for compliance evaluation. Note that parameterization and remediation actions require the creation of a custom site.
Improved few checks by adding the pending restart feature to them. The pending restart feature works in the following ways:

The action results will show “Pending Restart” instead of “Fixed” for those checks which requires OS reboot.

The check will show relevant for those endpoints until they are rebooted.

Post reboot of the endpoint the action results will show as “Fixed” and the check will be compliant.

Actions to take:

To subscribe to the above site, you can use the License Overview Dashboard to enable and gather the site. Note that you must be entitled to the BigFix Compliance product and you must be using BigFix version 10 and later.

If you use custom sites, update your custom sites accordingly to use the latest content. You can synchronize your content by using the Synchronize Custom Checks wizard. For more information, see Using the Synchronize Custom Checks wizard

More information:
To know more about the BigFix Compliance SCM checklists, please see the following resources:

BigFix Forum:

BigFix Compliance SCM Checklists:
Welcome to Wikis

We hope you find this latest release of SCM content useful and effective. Thank you!

– The BigFix Compliance team