I’m aware of a BigFix environment where there could be as much as 700gb of software being deployed at any given time with BigFix. In this case the Root server has a 8TB volume dedicated to the Uploads & WebCache with the Cache set to 3TB. Most environments won’t need this much storage, but it doesn’t need to be super fast. Speed matters most for FillDB and the Databases.
It is also a good idea to have the top level relays have large caches to take some load off of the root server. If you had a single top level relay that everything used, you could put a lot of storage there and not need as much storage on the root server.
You probably don’t need quite as much storage on all of the relays that connect to the top level relays and root server that are on very fast links, like 10 Gigabit or greater, though even then I’d recommend at least 50gb.
You should consider having a decent cache size on every relay behind a WAN to save bandwidth at those WAN links.