A fix for KB4565627 being incorrectly relevant on Win 10 versions other than 2004 was released earlier. Content Modification: Patches for Windows published 2020-07-15
The team is looking into KB4565503 as well as the Windows 10 1809 .NET issues reported here.
@spiegelton, If the patch was applied and pending restart for completion (typically you’d see the exit code 3010 in the action results), then that sounds like more of an issue with the patch and Microsoft. If you haven’t already, the latest servicing stack updates are recommended to be applied prior to applying other updates, although that doesn’t necessarily guarantee you would be problem free.